Working principle of the automotive electronic water pump
The working principle of the automotive electronic water pump can be divided into two aspects: electronic control and water pump structure. In terms of electronic control, the automotive electronic water pump controls the water pump through the on-board electronic control unit VCU. VCU will control the start, stop, and speed of the water pump according to the working status, temperature, and load of the motor and controller to ensure the cooling needs of the heat source under different working conditions. This intelligent control method enables the water pump to reduce energy consumption and extend its service life.
Water pump structure
Automotive electronic water pumps are usually composed of motors, impellers, and casings. The motor is the power source of the water pump. It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the impeller to rotate, sucking in coolant and pressurizing it into the cooling system. The impeller plays the role of pressurizing and circulating the coolant. Its structural design and material selection have an essential influence on the performance of the water pump. The casing is the protective shell of the water pump, which plays the role of fixing and sealing, and can also reduce noise and vibration.
When the automotive electronic water pump is working, the coolant is sucked into the pump. After the impeller’s supercharging effect, it flows into the cooling channel, absorbs the heat generated by the heat source, and then flows back to the pump for the next cycle. This continuous cycle process effectively removes heat.
Water pump structure
An electronic water pump is a water pump with an electronic control unit. The structure of a particular electronic water pump is shown in the figure. The magnet of the brushless DC water pump is molded into one with the impeller to form the motor’s rotor. A direct injection-molded sleeve is in the middle of the rotor, which is fixed in the housing through a high-performance shaft. The stator and circuit board of the motor are encapsulated in the pump body with epoxy resin glue. There is a water-proof chamber between the stator and the rotor, and there is no need for a traditional mechanical shaft seal, so the stator part is completely sealed. The motor’s torque generates a magnetic field after the silicon steel sheet (stator) coil is energized, driving the permanent magnet (rotor) to work.
Compared with mechanical water pumps used in the thermal management of traditional fuel vehicles, the core components of thermal management systems of new energy vehicles, represented by electronic water pumps, are mainly used for circulating cooling of drive motors, electric components, power batteries, etc.. The usage and value of each vehicle have increased by 2-3 times.
The water pump rotor is one of the core components in the micro pump. It is responsible for circulating the coolant to maintain a suitable working temperature. It consists of bearings, impellers, stators, etc. The function of the water pump rotor not only includes providing fluid power but also effectively reducing temperature, reducing energy consumption, and improving overall energy utilization efficiency.
Summary
The impeller rotor, water pump rotor, and rotor assembly products produced by TOPMAG are integrated and have an inner rotor and outer rotor series. For more information, please visit https://www.topmag.in
